Under what condition are aliens exempted from the prohibition on self-organization?

Aliens are exempted from the prohibition on self-organization when they have valid permits. This means that individuals who are not citizens but possess the necessary legal authorization to work in a country can engage in self-organization, such as forming or joining labor unions or advocating for their rights. Valid permits indicate that they have been recognized legally to work and participate in activities typically available to citizens, including collective bargaining.

Having employment contracts or employer sponsorships does not necessarily provide the same level of legal recognition for self-organization as a valid work permit does, as these may not imply that the individual has the broader rights that come with legal work authorization. Similarly, residency status, while important in many contexts, does not automatically confer the right to self-organize, as that is specifically determined by the legality of work permits rather than just residency. Therefore, valid permits are the crucial condition that grants aliens the exemption from prohibition, enabling them to partake in self-organization activities freely.